الضوابط الشرعية والمهنية للعملات الافتراضية في ظل الرقمنة المالية

[Shariah and Professional Controls for Virtual Currencies in Light of Financial Digitalization]

Authors

  • Mahmoud Mohamed Ali Mahmoud Edris Faculty of Syariah and Law, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8291-2975
  • Mohamed Sharif Bashir Applied Faculty, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5110-8503
  • Muneer Ali Abdul Rab Faculty of Syariah and Law, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, MALAYSIA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4609-3647
  • Ahmad Zaki Salleh Faculty of Syariah and Law, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, MALAYSIA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33102/uij.vol37no03.632

Keywords:

الضوابط الشرعية، المهنية، الرقمنة المالية، العملات الافتراضية, Sharia controls, professional controls, financial digitization, virtual currencies, financial technology

Abstract

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعريف بأهمية الرقمنة المالية والاستفادة من تكنولوجيا الذكاء الاصطناعي في تطوير وسائل وأساليب المعاملات المالية من خلال أنظمة النقود الرقمية والتطبيقات المالية الإلكترونية التي تتيح للمستخدمين إجراء المعاملات بسهولة ويسر باستخدام الأجهزة الإلكترونية المحمولة، ومنصات التكنولوجيا الرقمية الحديثة. تكمن مشكلة الدراسة في كيفية إجراء التعاملات المالية باستخدام النقود الافتراضية بكفاءة وفعالية وأمان وفقًا لضوابط شرعية ومهنية متوافقة مع مبادئ الأخلاق الإسلامية، لما أن الأموال الافتراضية لا يتم التعامل بها حاليًا بسبب البنوك المركزية والسياسات الحكومية حول العالم، إلا أن الرغبة في التعامل بها جارية. وتحاول الدراسة الإجابة على سؤال رئيسي حول إمكانية إرساء ضوابط شرعية للتداول بالنقود الافتراضية على نطاق واسع في الأسواق المحلية والعالمية؟ وللإجابة عن هذا السؤال الرئيسي ستعتمد الدِّراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، لمناقشة آراء علماء الشريعة، واعتراضاتهم على الإشكالات التي يمكن أن تنشأ من استخدام النقود الافتراضية، هذا بالإضافة إلى الجوانب التعاقدية الناشئة من استخدام النقود الافتراضية والضوابط الشرعية اللازمة لتنظيم العلاقة التعاقدية بين الأطراف، والشروط الضرورية للحيلولة دون الوقوع في تعاملات رقمنة مالية بها مخالفات لا تقرها الشريعة الإسلامية كعمليات الاحتيال المالي والخداع والقرصنة المالية، وغسيل الأموال والغرر والربا والمقامرة. ويتوقع أن تُسهم هذه الدِّراسة في وضع توصيات عملية بشأن الضوابط الشرعية اللازمة لاستخدام النقود الافتراضية، وهو ما يساعد على إنشاء أنظمة رقمنة مالية قوية وعالية السلامة. ومن أهم النتائج المتوقعة من هذه الدراسة تأسيس منصات رقمية وتطبيقات مالية مدعومة بتكنولوجيا الذكاء الاصطناعي، ويتم ذلك باستخدام خوارزميات التعلّم الآلي في القطاع المصرفي والمالي، والتي يمكنها تنظيم وإجراء معاملات النقود الافتراضية وفقًا لمبادئ وأحكام الشريعة الإسلامية. يتضمن هيكل الدراسة قسمين، المحور الأول؛ يُعرّف بأهمية الرقمنة المالية والضوابط الشرعية اللازمة لاستخداماتها في المعاملات المالية من خلال تكنولوجيا الذكاء الاصطناعي. المحور الثاني: يناقش التكييف الشرعي والقانوني للعملات الافتراضية وجوانب استخداماتها، وحكم التعامل بها على ضوء الضوابط والمعايير الشرعية

This study examines the significance of financial digitization and the benefits of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in developing financial transaction tools through digital currency systems and electronic financial applications. These applications enable users to perform transactions easily and conveniently using portable electronic devices and modern digital technology platforms. The main issue of the study lies in how to perform financial transactions using virtual currency efficiently, effectively and safely in accordance with legal and professional controls compatible with the principles and rules of Shari'ah (Islamic law). This is even though virtual currency is not currently being transacted with the support of central banks or any other government authorities around the world, but they would like to transact with it. The study attempts to answer a key question about the possibility of establishing legal controls for trading in virtual currency on a large scale in local and global markets. To answer this main question, the study will rely on the descriptive analytical approach, to discuss the opinions of Shari'ah scholars and their objections to the problems that can arise from the use of virtual money, in addition to the contractual aspects arising from the use of virtual currency, the legal controls necessary to regulate the contractual relationship between the two parties, and the necessary prohibited conditions. In financial digitization, transactions that involve violations not permitted by Islamic law, such as financial fraud, deception, financial piracy, money laundering, usury, and gambling. It is expected that this study will contribute to developing practical recommendations regarding the legal controls necessary for the use of virtual currency, which will help create strong and highly secure digital financial systems. One of the most important results expected from this study is the creation of digital platforms and financial applications supported by artificial intelligence technology, and this is done using machine learning algorithms in the banking and financial sector, which can organize and perform virtual financial transactions in accordance with the principles and provisions of Shari'ah. The structure of the study includes two sections. The first section addresses the importance of financial digitization and the legal controls necessary for its use in financial transactions through artificial intelligence technology. The second section discusses the legal and legal adaptation of virtual currencies, aspects of their uses, and the ruling on dealing with them, considering Shari'ah controls and standards.

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Published

2025-12-01

How to Cite

Mahmoud Edris, M. M. A., Bashir, M. S., Abdul Rab, M. A., & Salleh, A. Z. (2025). الضوابط الشرعية والمهنية للعملات الافتراضية في ظل الرقمنة المالية: [Shariah and Professional Controls for Virtual Currencies in Light of Financial Digitalization]. Ulum Islamiyyah, 37(03), 111–133. https://doi.org/10.33102/uij.vol37no03.632