Dates and Barley Antioxidant Staple Foods In The Makkan Society Diet (609-622 A.D.)

Nurul Mukminah  Zainan Nazri; Norhasnira  Ibrahim

doi:10.33102/uij.vol36no01.549

Authors

Nurul Mukminah Zainan Nazri Faculty of Quranic and Sunnah Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-835X
Norhasnira Ibrahim Faculty of Quranic and Sunnah Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1322-7805

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33102/uij.vol36no01.549

Keywords:

antioxidant, makkah, diet, dates, barley

Abstract

This study delves into the dietary practices of Makkan society between 609 and 622 A.D., focusing on the consumption of dates and barley as antioxidant staple foods. During this period, the Prophet Muhammad PBUH lived in Makkah and interacted with the local community. In recent times, the Makkan and global society underwent a transformation from a traditional wholesome healthy diet into a less healthy impoverished diet. Employing qualitative content analysis, this investigation sheds light on the significance of a balanced diet as an ideal dietary model for diverse cultures worldwide. Thematic analysis of data collected through content and document examination reveals that dates and barley held prominent positions among the staple foods in Makkah, with Quranic verses highlighting their multifaceted importance. The study’s implications confirm the presence of valuable antioxidant compounds in the staple foods of Makkan society. Consequently, the regular inclusion of dates and barley in daily diets is recommended, not only for their exquisite taste but also for the numerous health benefits they offer. By revisiting the dietary choices of historical civilizations, we can glean valuable insights for promoting healthier eating habits in contemporary societies, fostering well-being and vitality for all.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Nurul Mukminah Zainan Nazri, Faculty of Quranic and Sunnah Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Faculty of Quranic and Sunnah Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Norhasnira Ibrahim , Faculty of Quranic and Sunnah Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Quranic and Sunnah Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

References

Abu Mansur al-Th’alabi, A. M. (2002). Fiqh al-Lughah wa Sirru al-’Arabyyiah. N.P: Ihya’ al-Turath al-Arabi.

Al-Bukhari, M. (2001). Sahih al-Bukhari. (M. Z. Nasir Al-Nasir, Ed.). N.P: Dar Tauq al-Najah.

Al-Buti, M. S. R. (2003). Fiqh al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr al-Mu’asir.

Al-Maqdisi al-Basyari, M. (1991). Ahsan al-Taqasim fī Ma’rifah al-Aqalim. Beirut: Dar Sadir.

Al-Razi Fakhruddin. (1999). Mafatih al-Ghayb (3rd ed). Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi.

Al-Sa’di, A. R. (2000). Taysir al-Karim al-Rahman fi Tafsir Kalam al-Manan (Tafsīr al-Sa’dī) (1st ed; A. R. Ma’la Allawihaq, ed.). N.P: Muassah al-Risalah.

Al-Turki, M. K. (2006). Mausu’ah al-Tib al-Nabawi. Beirut: Dar Ibn Hazm.

Ali, J. (2001). Al-Mufassal fi Tarikh al-‘Arab Qabl al-Islam (4th ed). N.P: Dar al-Saqi.

Berry, E. M., Arnoni, Y., & Aviram, M. (2011). The Middle Eastern and Biblical Origins of the Mediterranean Diet. Public Health Nutrition, 14(12 A), 2288–2295.

British Nutrition Foundation (BNF). (2004). Nutritional Aspects of Cereals. Retrieved from https://www.nutrition.org.uk/

FAO. (n.d.). Major Chemical Components of Cereal Grain. http://www.fao.org/3/x2184e/x2184e04.htm.

Fogarasi, A.-L., Kun, S., Tankó, G., Stefanovits-Bányai, É., & Hegyesné-Vecseri, B. (2015). A Comparative Assessment of Antioxidant Properties, Total Phenolic Content of Einkorn, Wheat, Barley and Their Malts. Food Chemistry, 167, 1–6.

Ibn al-Faqih, A. (1996). Al-Buldan (1st ed; Y. Al-Hadi, ed.). Beirut: ‘Alim al-Kutub.

Ibn ‘Ashur, M. A.-T. (1984). Al-Taḥrir wa al-Tanwir. Tunis: al-Dar al-Tunisiyyah.

Ibn Hauqal, M. (1938). Ṣurat al-Arḍ. Beirut: Dar Sadir.

Ibn Kathir, I. (1998). Tafsir al-Quran al-‘Azim (Tafsir Ibn Kathir) (1st ed; M. H. Shamsudin, ed.). Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.

Idehen, E., Tang, Y., & Sang, S. (2017). Bioactive Phytochemicals in Barley. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 25(1), 148–161.

Jalal Al-Din, M and Jalal Al-Din, A. (2000). Tafsir al-Jalalayn. Al-Qahirah: Dar al-Hadith.

Khan Marwa, S., Aslam Khan, M., Ur-Rehman, F.-, & Ullah Bhat, I. (2009). Fruit Plant Species Mentioned in the Holy Qura’n and Ahadith and Their Ethnomedicinal Importance. American-Eurasian J Agric & Environ Sci, 5(2), 284–295.

Lăcătușu, C. M., Grigorescu, E. D., Floria, M., Onofriescu, A., & Mihai, B. M. (2019). The Mediterranean Diet: From an Environment-Driven Food Culture to an Emerging Medical Prescription. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(6), 942.

Laouini, S., Segni, L., & Ouahrani, M. (2012). Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Leaves Extract of Date Palm Grown in Algeria. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 4(2), 142–154.

Loren Cordain et.al. (2005). Origins and evolution of the Western diet: Implications of Iodine and Seafood Intakes for the Human Brain [1]. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 81(2), 341–354.

Maududi. (n.d.). The Meaning of the Qurān (Tafhīm Al-Qurān). Retrieved January 27, 2020, from http://www.englishtafsir.com/

Mousavi, T., Rafiei, A., & Yoosefpour, M. (2014). Nutritional Value and Health Benefits of Dates According to Islamic Recourses and Traditional Medicine. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 24(117), 247–265.

Nestle, M. (1995). Mediterranean Diets: Historical and Research Overview. J Clin Nutr, 61((suppl)), 1313S-20S.

Rahmani, A. H., Albutti, A. S., & Aly, S. M. (2014). Therapeutics Role of Olive Fruits/Oil in the Prevention of Diseases via Modulation of Anti-oxidant, Anti-tumour and Genetic Activity. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vol. 7, pp. 799–808.

Ranjbar, A., Tavilani, H., & Mohsenzadeh, F. (2013). Quran and Pharmaceutical Plants: Antioxidants. Quran and Medicine, 2(1), 5–9.

Rutledge, K., Ramroop, T., Diane, B., & McDaniel, M. (2011). Food Staple. Retrieved January 28, 2020, from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/food-staple/

Tantawi. (1997). Tafsir Al-Wasit li al-Quran Al-Karim. Al-Qahirah: Dar al-Nahdah.

Washi, S. A., & Ageib, M. B. (2010). Poor Diet Quality and Food Habits are Related to Impaired Nutritional Status in 13- To 18-Year-Old Adolescents in Jeddah. Nutrition Research, 30(8), 527–534.