The Integration of Islam and Science: Al-Ghazali on Causality Revisited

Authors

  • Mohd Radhi Ibrahim Faculty of Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33102/uij.vol15no.240

Keywords:

Integration, Islam, Science, Al-Ghazali, Causality

Abstract

ln contemporary debate, the integration between lslam and science becomes one of the main concerns among Muslim thinkers. Some consider that there is no clear connection between science and religion (lslam) and others re}ect this claim. The non-integration of lslam and science as seen by many is a result of several fundamental problems. ln this article l will endeavor to examine the root of problems from theological perspective with the focus on the concept of causality. Therefore, the article will examine the views of the Muslim theologians (mutakallimun) regarding the matter with special reference to Abu Hamid al-Ghazali in his renowned Tahafut al-Falasifa.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdul Rahman Abdullah. (2002). Tradisi Falsafah Ilmu: Pengantar Sejarah dan

Falsafah Sains, Batu Caves.

Abd al-Jabbar, Abu al-Hasan b. Ahmad. (1979). Al-Usul al-Khamsa, in “Les Usul al-hamsa du Qadi cAbd al-Gabbar et leurs commentaries” ed. Danial Gimaret, in Annales lslamologiques, 15, 79-96.

Abd al-Jabbar, Abu al-Hasan b. Ahmad.. Al-Mughni fi Abwab al-Tawhid wa al-cAdl. (1960-1969). 16 Vol. edited by group of scholars lead by Taha Husayn, Cairo.

Abu al-Husayn, Muhammad b. cAli al-Basri. (1964). Kitab al-Muctamad fi Usul al-Fiqh, ed. M. Hamidullah, Damascus.

Abu al-Husayn, Muhammad b. cAli al-Basri.. Tasaffuh al-Adilla. (2006). ed. W. Madelung & S. Schmidtke, Wiesbaden.

Adamson, P. “Al-Ghazali, Causality and Knowledge”. (2008). in Medieval Philosophy, retrieved 10 November 2008 from http://www.bu.edu/wcp/ MainMedi.htm.

Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib. (1991). Concept of Education in Islam. Kuala Lumpur.

Ensiklopedia Malaysiana. (1996). Winstedt & Rochard Olof, Kuala Lumpur: Anzagain Sdn Bhd.

Al-Faruqi, Ismail Raji. (1982). Islamization of Knowledge: General Principles and Workplan, Washington DC.

al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad b. Muhammad. (1972). Al-lqtisad Fi al- Ictiqad, ed. Muhammad Mustafa Abu al-Ila, Cairo.

al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad b. Muhammad.(1985). Qawa’id al-'Aqa’id. ed. Musa Mohammd Ali, Beirut.

al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad b. Muhammad. (1964). Tahafut al-Falasifa, Cairo.

Goodman, L. E. (1978). “Did al-Ghazali Deny Causality?”, in Studia Islamica 47, 83-120.

Ibn al-Nadim, Abu al-Faraj Muhammad b. Ishaq. (1940). Al-Fihrist, ed. I. Ramadan, Beirut.

Ibn Rushd. (1940). Fasl al-Maqal fi ma bayn al-Hikma wa al-Shari’a min al-Ittisal, Cairo.

Ibn Rushd. (1968). Tahafut al-Tahafut, ed. Sulayman Dunya, Cairo.

Ibn Sina. (1938). al-Na}at fi al-Hikmah al-Mantiqiyyah wa al-Tabi'iyyah wa al-'Ilahiyyah, Cairo.

Ibn Sina. (1965). Isharat wa Tanbihat, ed. Sulayman Dunya, Cairo. Mankdim, Shashdiw. (1965). Sharh al-Usul al-Khamsa, ed. cA. K. cUthman, Cairo.

Madelung, Wilfred. (1982). “cAbd al-Jabbar,” in Encylopaedia Iranica, ed.

Ehsan Yarshater London.

Madelung, Wilfred. (1991). “The Late Muctazila and Determinism: The Philosophers’ Trap, in Yad Nama: In Memoria Di Alessandro Bausani, 1, Roma, 245- 257.

Martin, R.C. (1995). Defenders of Reason in Islam, Muctazilism from Medieval School to Modern Symbol, Oxford.

Nasr, Seyyed Hossin, Traditional Islam in the Modern World, New York.

Razi, Fakhr al-Din Abu cAbdallah Muhammad b. cUmar. (1953). Kitab al-

Arbacin Fi Usul al-Din, Hyderabad.

Razi, Fakhr al-Din Abu cAbdallah Muhammad b. cUmar. (1938). Mafatih al-Ghayb or Tafsir al-Kabir, 32 vols., Cairo.

Rosenthal, Franz. (1970). Knowledge Triumphant, Leiden.

Rosnani, Hashim. (2004). Educational Dualism in Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.

Saliba, George. (2007). Islamic Science and Making of the European Renaissance, Cambridge.

Shihadeh, Ayman. (2005). “From al-Ghazali to al-Razi: 6th/12th century developments in Muslim philosophical theology”, in Arabic Sciences and Philosophy, 15, 141-79.

Downloads

Published

2015-08-03

How to Cite

Ibrahim, M. R. (2015). The Integration of Islam and Science: Al-Ghazali on Causality Revisited. Ulum Islamiyyah, 15, 157–165. https://doi.org/10.33102/uij.vol15no.240