Istitabah Model for Malaysia: A Preliminary Exposition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/uij.vol15no.235Keywords:
Istitabah, Apostasy, Integrated Approach, Crisis Intervention, Akidah CounsellingAbstract
Increasing number of apostasy cases in Malaysia by year have been reported by many authorities. In this sense, istitabah (الاستتابة), literally means asking or calling for repentance (التوبة), has to be enforced as a national educational and rehabilitation measure. The application of istitabah is considered as obligatory (واجب) and supererogatory (مندوب) by the majority of scholars of Ahl Al-Sunnah Wa Al-Jamaah. This article aims to highlight some findings on the model and approaches of istitabah within the climate of Malaysian religious administration and societal needs. Through the use of qualitative research strategies, it was found that there were only glimpses of istitabah exposition in the classical and modern texts of Islamic scholarship. This has called for present ijtihad to fill in the gaps towards a living practice of istitabah. This article will elucidate a preliminary exposition of M-Istitabah (Malaysia Istitabah), which will become a model for Malaysian Istitabah that applies integrated approach of the principle understanding of akidah, shariah, da’wah, comparative religion and crisis intervention towards rehabilitation of apostasy crimes in Malaysia.
Downloads
References
Al-Quran Al-Karim.
Abd al-Qadir Awdah. (1994). al-Tashric al-Jinaiyy al-lslamiyy. Beyrut: Muassasah al-Risalah.
Abdul Aziz Bari. (2005). Islam dalam Perlembagaan Malaysia. Petaling Jaya: Intel Multimedia and Publication.
Ahmad Ibn Hanbal. (1999). Musnad Al-lmam Ahmad lbn Hanbal. Reviewed by Shu’ayb Al-Arna’uut and other. Beirut: Muassasah Al-Risalah.
Ahmad Mohamed Ibrahim. (2000). The Administration of lslamic Law in Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Institute of Islamic Understanding Malaysia (IKIM).
Akram Rida Musa. (2006). Al-Riddah Wa Al-Hurriyyah Al-Diniyyah. Al- Mansurah: Dar Al-Wafa’.
Al-Abbadi, Abdullah. (1995). Sharh Bidayah Al-Mujtahid Wa Nihayah Al- Muqtasid. Mesir: Dar Al-Salam.
Al-Andalusi, Abu Hayyan. (1993). Tafsir Al-Bahr Al-Muhit. Beirut: Dar Al- Kutub Al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Al-Asqalani, Ibn Hajar. (2000). Fath Al-Bari Sharh Sahih Al-Bukhari. Riyadh: Dar Al-Salam.
Al-Bukhari, Muhammad Ibn Ismacil. (1407H). Sahih Al-Bukhari. Semakan: Dr. Mustafa Dib al-Bugha. Beirut: Dar Ibn Kathir.
Al-Jaziri, Abd Al-Rahman. (2003). Kitab Al-Fiqh 'Ala al-Madhahib Al- Arba'ah. Beirut: Dar Al Kutub Al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Al-Khazin, Ali. (1317H). Lubab Al-Ta'wil Fi Ma'ani Al-Tanzil. T.tp.: Penerbitan Hasan Hilmi Al-Kutubi dan Muhammad Hasan Jamali Al- Halabi.
Al-Maqdisi, Ibn Qudamah. (1997). Al-Mughni. Riyadh: Dar ‘Alam Al- Kutub.
Al-Nasa’i. Ahmad Ibn Shu’ayb. (1991). Sunan Al-Nasa'i Al-Kubra. Semakan: Abd Al-Ghaffar Sulayman Al-Bandari dan Sayyid Kusrawi Hasan. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Al-Nawawi, Yahya Ibn Sharaf. (1996). Al-Tibyan Fi Adab Hamalah Al-Qur’an. Beirut: Dar Ibn Hazm.
Al-Nawawi, Yahya Ibn Sharaf. (n.d.) Kitab Al-Majmu'Sharh Al-Muhadhdhab Li Al-Shirazi. Jeddah: Maktabah Al-Irshad.
Al-Samira’i, Nu’man Abd Al-Razzaq. (1984). Ahkam Al-Murtadd Fi Al- Shari'ah Al-lslamiyyah: Dirasah Muqaranah. Riyadh: Dar Al-Ulum.
Al-Shafi'i, Muhammad Tbn Tdris. 2001). Al-Umm. (Tahqiq: Rif’at Fawzi Abd Al-Mutallib).
Al-Tabari, Muhammad Bin Jarir. (2001). Tafsir Al-Tabari: Jamic Al-Bayan cAn Ta'wil Ayi Al-Quran. Tahqiq: Dr. cAbdullah Al-Turki. Kaherah: Markaz Al-Buhuth Wa Al-Dirasat Al-cArabiyyah Wa Al-Islamiyyah.
Al-Tirmidhi, Muhammad Ibn cIsa. (n.d.). Al-Jamic Al-Sahih Wa Huwa Sunan Al-Tirmidhi, Semakan: Ahmad Muhammad Shakir. Beirut: Al-Maktabah Al-Thaqafiyyah.
Al-Zuhayli, Wahbah. (1985). Al-Fiqh Al-lslami Wa Adillatuhu. Damsyiq: Dar Al-Fikr.
Ammar Fadzil. (2011). Religious Tolerance in Islam: Theories, Practices and Malaysia’s Experiences as a Multi Racial Society. Journal of Islam in Asia, Special Issue No.3, 345-360.
Azman Ab Rahman et. al. (2006) Punca Gejala Murtad: Kajian Di Malaysia. (Unpublished Research) Kuala Lumpur: Kolej Universiti Islam Malaysia.
Azman Ab Rahman et. al. (2007) Punca-Punca Murtad: Kajian Di Malaysia. (Unpublished Research) Kuala Lumpur: Kolej Universiti Islam Malaysia.
Azmi Aziz and Shamsul Amri Baharuddin. (2004). The Religious, the Plural, the Secular and the Modern: A Brief Critical Survey on Islam in Malaysia. lnter-Asia Cultural Studies. 5(3). 341-356.
Farahwahida Mohd Yusof et. al. (2006). Kaedah Penyelesaian Dalam Menangani Pertukaran Agama Dalam Kalangan Masyarakat Melayu- lslam Di Johor, Selangor Dan Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur (Unpublished Research). Skudai: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM).
Ibn Al-Munzir. 1999. Al-ljma'. United Arab Emirates: Maktabah Al-Furqan & Maktabah Makkah Al-Thaqafiyyah.
Ibn Kathir. (2000). Tafsir Al- Quran Al-Adhim. Giza: Muassasah Qurtubah.
Ibn Manzur. (1300 H). Lisan Al-'Arab. Beirut: Dar Sadir.
Lee, R.; Ackerman, S.E, (1997). Sacred Tensions: Modernity and Religious Transformation in Malaysia Studies in Comparative Religion. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press.
Liow, J.C. (2009). Piety and Politics: lslamism in Contemporary Malaysia. United States of America: Oxford University Press.
Lisa R Jackson & Bradley T Erford (2014) Crisis Assessment, lntervention and Prevention, Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, USA.
Mahbubul Islam. (2005). Freedom of Religion in Sharicah: A Comparative Analysis. Kuala Lumpur: A.S. Noordeen.
McCubin, H. I. & Patterson J.M. (1982) in Lisa R Jackson & Bradley T Erford (2014) Crisis Assessment, lntervention and Prevention, Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, USA.
Means, G.P. (1969). The Role of Islam in the Political Development of Malaysia. Comparative Politics, 1 (2), 264-284.
NurHafilah Musa. 2007). Undang-Undang Kawalan Penyebaran Agama Bukan lslam Kepada Orang lslam - Satu Penilaian Selepas 50 Tahun Perlembagaan Persekutuan. (Paper presentation). Bangi: Faculty of Law, National University of Malaysia.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Wan Mohd Fazrul Azdi Wan Razali, Kamaluddin Nurdin Marjuni, Mohd Rumaizuddin Musa @ Ghazali, Azman Abd Rahman, Ahmad Najaa’ Mokhtar, Mohd Zaliridzal Zakaria, Mohammmad Fadzil Mat Yaacob
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
If the article is accepted for publication, the copyright of this article will be vested to author(s) and granted the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, unless otherwise stated. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this licence may be seen at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.