Coping Mechanism Towards Academic Stress Among Students: An Analysis from Islamic Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/uij.vol33no1.194Keywords:
coping mechanism, religious coping, academic stress, coping mechanism, religious coping, academic stress, Islamic counsellingAbstract
Academic stress can have a negative effect on a student's cognitive, emotional and behavioural well-being. Furthermore, academic stress could also cause a decline in student’s academic performance. Therefore, it is necessary for the student to be able to cope and relieve stress. Religious coping strategies are one of the effective ways in overcoming academic stress. This study was aimed to explore and understand students' experiences of religious coping methods when facing academic stress. A qualitative method by using interview was used. A total of five respondents from the public universities were involved. The data from interviews were analysed by using thematic analysis from five respondents. This study discovered three specific religious coping behaviour that was employed to cope with academic stress; 1) worship in the heart, 2) worship verbally and, 3) worship by action. It has also identified three themes on the impact of religious coping on 1) cognitive, 2) emotional and 3) behaviour. From this study, it can be concluded that specific religious coping behavior which had been used by the students is helpful for them in coping with academic stress. The knowledge and awareness of the internal and external stressors also can help the students to identify the best solution and coping mechanism to manage the stress. These coping behaviours also help the students to have a better understanding of how religious coping can affect students in terms of cognitive, emotion and behavior.
Downloads
References
REFERENCES
Albrecht, T.L. & Adelman, M.B. (1987). Communicating social support. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Achour, M., Bensaid, B., & Nor, M. R. B. M. (2016). An Islamic Perspective on Coping with Life Stressors. Applied Research in Quality of Life. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-015-9389-8
Al-Dubai SA, Al-Naggar RA, Alshagga MA, Rampal KG. Stress and coping strategies of students in a medical faculty in Malaysia. Malays JMed Sci 2011;18:57-64.
Anieg, M. (2016). Merasakan Tasawuf. Wahana Akademika: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Sosial. https://doi.org/10.21580/wa.v3i1.870
Barrett, J. R. (2007). The researcher as instrument: learning to conduct qualitative research through analyzing and interpreting a choral rehearsal. Music Education Research, 9(3), 417–433. https://doi.org/10.1080/14613800701587795
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Butler, A. C., Chapman, J. E., Forman, E. M., & Beck, A. T. (2006). The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Clinical Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2005.07.003
Casas, F., Sarriera, J. C., Alfaro, J., González, M., Bedin, L., Abs, D.,Valdenegro, B. (2015). Reconsidering life domains that contribute to subjective well-being among adolescents with data from three countries. Journal of Happiness Studies, 16(2), 491-513.
Chan, Z. C. Y., Fung, Y., & Chien, W. (2013). Bracketing in Phenomenology : Only Undertaken in the Data Collection and Analysis Process ? The Qualitative Report, 18(59), 1–9. Retrieved from http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR18/chan59.pdf
Chelli, A., Balla, A., & Zerrouki, T. (2015). Advanced Search Feature in Noble Quran. In Proceedings - 2013 Taibah University International Conference on Advances in Information Technology for the Holy Quran and Its Sciences, NOORIC 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/NOORIC.2013.106
Chodijah, S. (2017). The Concept of Tahajud Prayer Through Psychotherapy Approach in Relationship with Psychological Health. In International Conference on Innovative Pedagogy.
Finlay, L. (2014). Engaging Phenomenological Analysis. Qualitative Research in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2013.807899
Giorgi, A. (2016). The descriptive phenomenological psychological method. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1163/156916212X632934
Gomathi, K. G., Ahmed, S., & Sreedharan, J. (2013). Causes of stress and coping strategies adopted by undergraduate health professions students in a university in the United Arab Emirates. Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal. https://doi.org/10.12816/0003267
Graham, S., Furr, S., Flowers, C., & Burke, M. T. (2001). Research and theory religion and spirituality in coping with stress. Counseling and Values. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-007X.2001.tb00202.x
Green, M., & Elliott, M. (2010). Religion, health, and psychological well-being. Journal of Religion and Health. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-009-9242-1
Hamdan, A. (2010). A comprehensive contemplative approach from the Islamic tradition. In Contemplative practices in action: Spirituality, meditation, and health.
Hetrick, S. E., Cox, G. R., Witt, K. G., Bir, J. J., & Merry, S. N. (2016). Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), third-wave CBT and interpersonal therapy (IPT) based interventions for preventing depression in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003380.pub4
Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J. J., Sawyer, A. T., & Fang, A. (2012). The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive Therapy and Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-012-9476-1
Holder, M. D., Coleman, B., Krupa, T., & Krupa, E. (2016). Well-being’s relation to religiosity and spirituality in children and adolescents in Zambia. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(3), 1235-1253.
Jamshed SQ, James PB, Elkalmi RM, Al Shami AK, Nor A, Kabir F Sumali I, Zubair A, Shamsudin SH. Causes of Stress and Management Approaches Among Undergraduate Pharmacy Students: Findings From a Malaysian Public University. Arch Pharma Pract 2017;00:00.
Kelley, B. S., & Miller, L. (2007). Life satisfaction and spirituality in adolescents. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion. https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004158511.i-301.91
Lazarus RS. Coping theory and research: Past, present, and future. Psychosom Med 1993;55:234-47
Lewisohn, L. (1999). The Way of Tawakkul: The Ideal of “Trust in God” in Classical Persian Sufism. Islamic Culture. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1909254
Mahoney, A., & Shafranske, E. P. (2013). Envisioning an integrative paradigm for the psychology of religion and spirituality. In K. I. Pargament, J. J. Exline, & J. W. Jones (Eds.), APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality (Vol 1): Context, theory, and research. (pp. 3–19). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14045-001
Merrill, R., Read, C., & LeCheminant, A. (2009). The influence of religiosity on positive and negative outcomes associated with stress among college students. Mental Health, Religion and Culture. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674670902774106
Mohd Radzi, H., Zahara Ramly, L., Ghazali, F., Sipon, S., & Othman, K. (2014). Religious And Spiritual Coping Used By Student In Dealing With Stress And Anxiety. International Journal of Asian Social Science.
Muslim. (2007). Sahih Muslim Vol. 7. Musaqah. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3495(01)76109-7
Noor Azura Zainuddin, Jamalia Aurani, Arifah Fasha Rosmani, Wan Naimah Wan Daud, & Hamlussalam Md Dali. (2014). Solat Bio Theraphy Module Kajian-Kajian Terdahulu Berkaitan. Jurnal Intelek.
OECD. (2015). OECD Health Statistics 2015. 2015-07. https://doi.org/10.1787/health-data-en
Pargament, K. I., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L. M. (2000). The many methods of religious coping: Development and initial validation of the RCOPE. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56(4), 519-543.
Peredaryenko, M. S., & Krauss, S. E. (2013). Calibrating the human instrument: understanding the interviewing experience of novice qualitative researchers. The Qualitative Report, 18(43), 1–17. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.ace.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,uid&db=edsgao&AN=edsgcl.353211917&site=eds-live&scope=site
Pervanidou, P., & Chrousos, G. P. (2012). Metabolic consequences of stress during childhood and adolescence. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2011.10.005
Plante, T. G., Saucedo, B., & Rice, C. (2001). The association between strength of religious faith and coping with daily stress. Pastoral Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004819505286
Rayan, S. (2018). Causality and Reliance (Tawakkul) in Ghazali’s Epistemological System. Journal of Islamic Studies and Culture. https://doi.org/10.15640/jisc.v6n1a6
Roberts, L., Ahmed, I., Hall, S., & Davison, A. (2009). Intercessory prayer for the alleviation of ill health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000368.pub3
Robotham, D., & Julian, C. (2006). Stress and the higher education student: A critical review of the literature. Journal of Further and Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/03098770600617513
Salsman, J. M., Brown, T. L., Brechting, E. H., & Carlson, C. R. (2005). The link between religion and spirituality and psychological adjustment: The mediating role of optimism and social support. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167204271563
Sarriera, J. C., Casas, F., Alfaro, J., Bedin, L., Strelhow, M. R. W., Abs, D., Oyarzún, D. (2014). Psychometric properties of the personal wellbeing index in Brazilian and Chilean adolescents including spirituality and religion. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 27(4), 710-719.
Soliman M. The perception of stress and the coping strategies bymedical students at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. JTaibah Univ Med Sci 2014;9:30-5
Spilka, B., Ladd, K. L., McIntosh, D. N., Milmoe, S., & Bickel, C. O. (1996). The content of religious experience: The roles of expectancy and desirability. International Journal of Phytoremediation. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327582ijpr0602_3
Stoltzfus, K. M., & Farkas, K. J. (2012). Alcohol use, daily hassles, and religious coping among students at a religiously affiliated college. Substance Use and Misuse. https://doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2011.644843
Stults-Kolehmainen, M. A., Tuit, K., & Sinha, R. (2014). Lower cumulative stress is associated with better health for physically active adults in the community. Stress. https://doi.org/10.3109/10253890.2013.878329
Sun S, Aziz Z. Assessing stress among undergraduate pharmacy students in University of Malaya. Indian J Pharm Educ Res 2015;49:99-105
Szaflarski, M., Kudel, I., Cotton, S., Leonard, A. C., Tsevat, J., & Ritchey, P. N. (2012). Multidimensional Assessment of Spirituality/Religion in Patients with HIV: Conceptual Framework and Empirical Refinement. Journal of Religion and Health. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-010-9433-9
Tahir, L. M., Musah, M. B., Samah, N. A., Jaffri, H., Talib, R., Yusof, S. M., … Said, A. M. (2017). Islamic teaching stress coping strategies: Do primary school deputies practiced? Man in India.
Tix, A. P., & Frazier, P. A. (1998). The use of religious coping during stressful life events: Main effects, moderation, and mediation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.66.2.411
Tolin, D. F. (2010). Is cognitive-behavioral therapy more effective than other therapies?. A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.05.003
Williams, N. R. (2004). Spirituality and religion in the lives of runaway and homeless youth: Coping with adversity. Journal of Religion and Spirituality in Social Work. https://doi.org/10.1300/J377v23n04_04
Willig, C., Rogers, W. S., Giorgi, A., Giorgi, B., & Morley, J. (2017). The Descriptive Phenomenological Psychological Method. In The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526405555.n11
World Health Organization. (2001). H E A LT H. Mental Health: New Understanding, New Hope.
Xu, J. (2016). Pargament’s Theory of Religious Coping: Implications for Spiritually Sensitive Social Work Practice. British Journal of Social Work. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcv080
Xu, M. A., & Storr, G. B. (2012). Learning the Concept of Researcher as Instrument in Qualitative Research. The Qualitative Report, 17(Article 42), 1–18. Retrieved from http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR17/storr.pdf
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Mohd Zaliridzal Zakaria, Abdul Rashid Abdul Aziz, Nurhafizah Mohd Shukor, Muhammed Fauzi Othman, Mohd Azhar Abd. Hamid
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
