Kepimpinan Islam dari perspektif kenabian dan politik kontemporari

[Islamic leadership from the perspective of prophethood and contemporary politics]

Abstract

Kepimpinan Islam merupakan aspek penting dalam struktur sosial dan politik masyarakat Muslim, terutama apabila ditinjau melalui dua kerangka utama: tadbir urus institusi dan keadilan global. Artikel ini menampilkan sorotan literatur sistematik bertajuk Kepimpinan Islam dari Perspektif Kenabian dan Politik Kontemporari, dengan tujuan mengenal pasti corak, prinsip dan amalan kepimpinan Islam yang membentuk dasar serta pembangunan sosial dalam konteks moden. Kajian ini berpandukan strategi pencarian lanjutan melalui pangkalan data ProQuest, melibatkan 216 rekod, dengan 47 kajian dipilih berdasarkan kesesuaian tema dan kriteria ilmiah. Analisis tematik menghasilkan tiga kluster utama: kepimpinan Muslim dan dinamika tadbir urus, kepimpinan politik Islam dalam konflik dan Penentangan, serta kepimpinan kenabian dan kerangka keadilan global. Dapatan menunjukkan keberkesanan kepimpinan Islam tidak bergantung semata-mata pada struktur institusi, tetapi turut dipengaruhi nilai moral, keupayaan beradaptasi terhadap tekanan politik, serta strategi pembinaan identiti dan legitimasi. Nilai kepimpinan kenabian seperti belas kasihan, keadilan sosial dan ketelusan berperanan besar dalam membentuk pendekatan inklusif dan lestari. Dalam konteks konflik pula, kepimpinan Islam menonjolkan penyesuaian ideologi dan mobilisasi simbolik bagi mempertahankan komuniti. Artikel ini menegaskan wujud jurang wacana kerana dimensi kenabian, tadbir urus dan politik kontemporari sering dikaji secara terpisah. Justeru, ia berusaha menghubungkan ketiga-tiga dimensi tersebut dalam kerangka analisis menyeluruh, sambil mencadangkan penyelidikan rentas disiplin untuk menilai keberkesanan prinsip kepimpinan Islam dalam era globalisasi dan dasar keadilan sosial kontemporari.

Islamic leadership constitutes a vital aspect of the social and political structure of Muslim societies, particularly when examined through two main frameworks: institutional governance and global justice. This article presents a systematic literature review entitled Islamic Leadership: A Prophetic and Contemporary Political Perspective, aiming to identify the patterns, principles, and practices of Islamic leadership that shape policy and social development in the modern context. The study is guided by advanced search strategies via the ProQuest database, involving 216 records, with 47 studies selected based on thematic relevance and scholarly quality criteria. Thematic analysis generated three main clusters: Muslim leadership and the dynamics of governance, Islamic political leadership in conflict and resistance, and prophetic leadership within the framework of global justice. Findings indicate that the effectiveness of Islamic leadership does not rely solely on institutional structures but is also influenced by moral values, the capacity to adapt to political pressures, as well as strategies of identity construction and legitimacy. Prophetic leadership values such as compassion, social justice, and transparency play a major role in shaping inclusive and sustainable approaches. In the context of conflict, Islamic leadership highlights ideological adaptation and symbolic mobilisation to safeguard communities. This article asserts that there exists a discursive gap as the dimensions of prophethood, governance, and contemporary politics are often studied in isolation. Hence, it seeks to interconnect these three dimensions within a comprehensive analytical framework, while proposing interdisciplinary research to evaluate the effectiveness of Islamic leadership principles in the era of globalisation and contemporary social justice policies.