Analisa Tematik dan Deskriptif ke atas Istilah Arab dan Melayu berkaitan wabak Covid-19 yang digunakan Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (KKM) dan Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO)

[Thematic and Descriptive Analysis of Arabic and Malay Terms Related to Covid-19 Epidemic used by the Malaysia Ministry of Health (MOH) and World Health Organization (WHO)]

Abstract

The field of terminology is evolving day by day and has many benefits to society. Nevertheless, the emergence of dumping of new terms related to the Covid-19 outbreak often invites misunderstanding and confusion among the public to understand the term and origin of the word. Therefore, this article lists the terms related to the Covid-19 epidemic that is frequently used by the Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH) and the World Health Organization (WHO), explains the origin of the construction of Arabic and Malay terms related to the Covid-19 epidemic and traces the similarities and differences in the meaning of Arabic and Malay terms related to the Covid-19 outbreak. This qualitative study uses 30 press statements of the Ministry of Health Malaysia as the main corpus, while two websites MOH and WHO are referred to as the second corpus. The study sample consisted of Covid-19 related terms removed from the primary corpus and the secondary corpus, analyzed thematically and descriptively. There are 60 terms related to the Covid-19 epidemic that is frequently mentioned and used by the MOH and WHO in every press statement conducted. Of the 60 terms analyzed, there were 45 terms derived from English, 14 terms were from Malay and 1 term was derived from Arabic. In addition, 26 terms can be detected to have similar meanings while another 14 terms have different meanings. Implications of this study found that the emergence of new terms can help the community to increase their understanding about using the term Covid-19 epidemic, besides increasing the vocabulary in their daily communication.

Abstrak

Bidang peristilahan semakin berkembang dari hari ke hari dan banyak memberi manfaat kepada masyarakat. Sejak dunia dilanda wabak Covid-19, banyak istilah baharu berkaitan wabak tersebut muncul, hingga menyukarkan masyarakat memahami istilah tersebut apatah lagi untuk mengetahui asal usul perkataan tersebut. Oleh sebab itu, artikel ini menyenaraikan istilah berkaitan wabak Covid-19 yang kerap digunakan Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (KKM) dan Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO), menjelaskan asal pembinaan istilah Arab dan Melayu berkaitan wabak Covid-19 dan mengesan persamaan dan perbezaan makna istilah Arab dan Melayu berkaitan wabak Covid-19. Kajian berbentuk kualitatif ini menggunakan 30 kenyataan akhbar Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia sebagai korpus utama, manakala dua laman web KKM dan WHO dirujuk sebagai korpus kedua. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada istilah berkaitan covid-19 dikeluarkan daripada korpus utama dan korpus kedua, dianalisis secara tematik dan deskriptif. Didapati sebanyak 60 istilah berkaitan wabak Covid-19 yang kerap diulang sebut dan digunakan oleh KKM serta WHO pada setiap kenyataan akhbar yang dijalankan. Daripada 60 istilah yang dianalisis, terdapat 45 istilah yang berasal daripada Bahasa Inggeris, 14 istilah daripada Bahasa Melayu dan 1 istilah berasal daripada Bahasa Arab. Selain itu, 26 istilah dapat dikesan mempunyai persamaan makna manakala 14 istilah lagi mempunyai makna yang berbeza. Implikasi kajian ini mendapati bahawa kemunculan istilah baharu dapat membantu masyarakat dalam menambahkan kefahaman mereka mengenai penggunaan istilah wabak Covid-19 selain dapat memperbanyakkan lagi kosa kata dalam komunikasi seharian.