Analisis Kritis Terhadap Pandangan Sarjana Dalam Mendefinisikan Manhaj, Uslub Dan Wasilah Dakwah

[The Critical Analysis Toward the Views of Scholars in Defining Manhaj, Uslūb And Wasīlah Da’wah]

Abstract

Terdapat tiga istilah yang sering kali disebut oleh para sarjana dalam membincangkan metode dakwah iaitu manhaj, uslub, dan wasilah. Mereka berbeza pandangan dalam mendefinisikan setiap satu terma berkenaan. Ada yang memberikan definisi yang luas dan ada pula yang memberikan definisi yang agak sempit. Ada yang mendefinisikan metode dalam dakwah sebagai manhaj, tetapi ada pula yang mendefinisikannya sebagai uslub. Perbezaan dalam mendefinisikan perkara ini menyebabkan perbezaan terma tetapi pada hakikatnya merujuk kepada aspek yang sama sahaja. Metode kepustakaan digunakan bagi membincangkan perbezaan pandangan berkenaan. Hasil utama perbincangan mendapati metode dakwah terbahagi kepada tiga tingkatan yang mewakili 3 istilah tersebut; pertama, manhaj bagi menentukan tujuan dari sesuatu usaha dakwah, kedua, uslub iaitu pendekatan yang dijalankan, dan ketiga, wasilah iaitu merujuk kepada medium atau saluran yang digunakan.

Abstract

There are three terms that usually used by scholars in discussion on method of da’wah namely, manhaj, uslūb and wasīlah. They have different views in defining each of these terms. Some scholars provide a wide definition while others provide a narrow definition. Some define method as manhaj, but some define the same method as the uslūb. Difference perspective in defining this matter led to the different terms but the essence of the subject is same. Library research method is used to discuss different view among scholars on this matter. The result found that the method of da’wah could be divided into three levels; the first is manhaj to determine the direction of a da’wah that is called manhaj, the approach used that is called uslūb and the medium used is that called wasīlah. The difference among scholars in expressing method da'wah is only in terminology chosen, not in the essence because they agree that da'wah should be done with the appropriate methods and approaches that may differ according to nature of target groups. Different approaches are inevitable because da’wah could be seen from many perspectives.