Pendekatan Tawhidik Di Dalam Tatakelola Kerajaan Yang Baik (Good Governance): Satu Analisa Konsepsual
[Tawhidic Approach in Government Good Governance: A Conceptual Analysis]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/uij.vol24no0.61Keywords:
good governance, tawhidic, Washington consensus, islah, world bankAbstract
While ‘Good Governance’ agenda as introduced by the World Bank in 1989 is a result of conventional developmental theories and represents the contemporary kernel of truth on how to develop, hence becoming a fad du jour of many. It has since then become a means for any government to improve its governance and administration and was similarly used by the oppositions in certain countries to bring their government into accountability. The aim of this paper is to explore and analyze the Islamic foundation principles and values underpinning the field of governance in an attempt to construct a new systemic articulation of ‘Islamic governance’. This discursive and abstract, rather than being an empirical exercise, assumes to produce a ‘good governance’ framework within its own formulation through a value-shaped dynamic model according to the principle of Tawhid (unity of God), justice (‘adl) and maqasid al-Shari’ah (higher objective of Shari’ah) by going beyond the narrow remit of classical and contemporary discussions produced on the topic, which propose a certain institutional model of governance based on the classical juristic (fiqh) method.
Abstrak
Good Governance, ataupun yang diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Melayu sebagai tatakelola kerajaan yang baik, atau tadbirurus yang baik merupakan satu konsep yang amat popular dewasa ini. Semenjak konsep tersebut dipopularkan oleh Bank Dunia pada tahun 1989, sehingga kini, ia terus menjadi fad du jour (trend ikutan hari ini) oleh ramai pihak. Tatakelola dilihat sebagai satu kemestian bagi setiap kerajaan di dunia. Ia menjadi tema bagi pihak kerajaan yang ada untuk memperbaiki mutu pemerintahan dan pentadbiran mereka, dan juga menjadi senjata bagi pihak pembangkang di peringkat antarabangsa untuk mengkoreksi dan juga menilai kerajaan yang sedia ada. Persoalannya, apakah sikap Islam terhadap konsep tersebut? Dan apakah di dalam ajaran Islam terdapat juga konsep seumpamanya memandangkan Islam merupakan satu ajaran yang komprehensif yang mencakupi bidang keakhiratan dan juga bidang keduniaan? Artikel ringkas ini akan mengupas secara konsepsual pendekatan Tawhidik, keadilan (‘Adl) dan Maqasid al-Shari’ah terhadap isu tatakelola kerajaan yang baik (Good Governance) berteraskan pembacaan induktif kepada sumber epistemology Islam.
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